{"id":1257,"date":"2022-05-18T12:47:45","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T11:47:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.gov.scot\/participation\/?p=1257"},"modified":"2022-05-18T12:48:22","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T11:48:22","slug":"power-and-inclusion-in-participation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.gov.scot\/participation\/2022\/05\/18\/power-and-inclusion-in-participation\/","title":{"rendered":"Power and inclusion in participation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back in November 2021 we were lucky enough to be joined by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/kelly_mcb\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kelly McBride<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Participatory Democracy Lead, TPXimpact), <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/CommunityDavid\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">David Reilly<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Communications and Network Manager, Poverty Alliance), and \u00d3rlaith McAree<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Senior Participation Manager, Poverty and Inequality Commission)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.coproductionscotland.org.uk\/coproweekscot\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-production Week Scotland<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to hear their thoughts on inclusion in participation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We learned a lot, and wanted to share this knowledge. In this blog we\u2019ve summarised what we heard from Kelly, David and \u00d3rlaith.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you\u2019re new to co-production we recommend you take a look at our blog <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.gov.scot\/participation\/2021\/11\/23\/talking-co-production-in-scottish-government\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Talking co-production in Scottish Government<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why lived experience and co-production is necessary<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To begin with, Kelly articulated the many reasons for adopting a co-production approach, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">government commitments to transparency<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the potential to lead to better, more credible policy outcomes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">reducing the cost of failure not just in monetary terms but to people\u2019s lives<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">having policy informed by rich and diverse evidence<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">laying the groundwork for approaches that are fit for current and future challenges<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These reasons are echoed in the overarching principle of the Poverty and Inequality Commission which \u00d3rlaith shared. This is to:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cAmplify the voices of experts by experience to make sure they are part of identifying issues, developing and designing solutions, and scrutinising progress.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">David\u2019s experiences working with a project called Ending Homelessness Together (EHT) illustrates the value that lived experience can bring to policy, which civil servants and other decision-makers have a duty to listen to. The EHT team were able to share that one of the issues for homeless people in accessing temporary accommodation was not being able to take pets in. Once this barrier was removed, it got people off the street. That\u2019s a barrier that someone without experience of homelessness probably wouldn\u2019t have identified.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recruiting people with lived experience to work with you is a problem that many policy makers face. \u00d3rlaith shared the process the Poverty and Inequality Commission went through to recruit members of their lived experience panel. She highlighted how, like many, they wanted the panel to include a wide range of people with varied experiences, who were new to participation. This took time and presented various challenges. \u00d3rlaith reflected on the importance of working with grassroots and specialist groups to help reach different people, and of giving people the opportunity to come and talk to you. They worked hard to ensure recruitment information was accessible to a range of people. They took in applications over email, via phone or in the post.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Working with people with lived experience can help planning engagement work too. As Kelly noted, if you are uncertain about how to approach this work, partnerships are really important. Forging good partnerships can provide opportunities for coaching and learning to develop how we think about involving people in decision making. This can benefit everyone. Seeing how co-production can empower the people taking part is often transformative for civil servants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Building trust and relationships<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Building and maintaining relationships is vital for progressing co-production. It also lays the foundation for true inclusion. Kelly noted that sometimes there can be too much focus on process and methods. More work needs to be done to facilitate spaces where people can get to know each other, build confidence and capacity.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This mindset is particularly vital when asking people with lived experience to share their experiences with people in power &#8211; David reflected that it takes trust and work to get to this point. Building trust needs to be properly resourced and gradual, and without caution can be easily set back. One important aspect of trust is honesty from people with decision-making power about what is in scope for changing and what is not.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00d3rlaith <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">shared some of t<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">he principles that the Poverty and Inequality Commission use for participation work. These are based on research with people with lived experience of poverty. Adhering to these principles is fundamental for them in building and maintaining trust with their panel:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Supported<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; panel members feel supported in their role and to engage with the commission and each other<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Accessible<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; work is as accessible as possible, and accessibility is co-defined and the responsibility of all on the panel<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Dialogic<\/b><b>al<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; discussion is not just about people\u2019s own interests but about mutuality, understanding where other people are coming from, and making decisions for Scotland as a whole<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Relational <\/b><b>&#8211;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the process focuses on building collaborative relationships for dialogue &#8211; practices which focus on building relationships, including collaborative groups for dialogue<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Intersectional<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 people are encouraged to think about the different oppressions people might face and how they intersect<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Safe(r)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; making a safer space for people, while acknowledging that there may be additional steps needed along the way<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Creative<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; the process is creative and people can contribute and participate in different ways according to their preferences and skills<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Educational<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 people have as much information as they need or want, and that access to information is access to power<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Be aware of the power in the room and how it is maintained<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00d3rlaith made it clear that the people she worked with were not blank slates coming into the co-production process. They were passionate individuals who wanted to change society and address the taboos around poverty and inequality. The process is partly about helping them to achieve these aims through empowering participants. For \u00d3rlaith, this means building trust and relationships, and supporting people to build their confidence and self-esteem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kelly has a lot of experience navigating power in participation. She talked about how power can be really subtle, and something we\u2019re not always aware of. As civil servants, people can perceive you as having power in a space even if you don\u2019t perceive yourself in the same way. She notes that there is power at play in every step of setting up and running a participatory process; recruitment, research and evaluation, decision making, designing the space, and delivery.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you are going to do participation, Kelly suggests you think about who sets the rules of engagement, which can include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">how you set up your online and physical spaces<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">interaction dynamics (e.g. turning off mics and chat is not appropriate at an online participatory event)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">who has set up the space and who has been invited in<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She recommends the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.powercube.net\/analyse-power\/what-is-the-powercube\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">concept of the powercube<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as a useful tool to analyse and understand power, and that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citizenshandbook.org\/arnsteinsladder.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arnstein\u2019s ladder of participation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is something practitioners should be familiar with.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">David had much to say in agreement, urging people to consider the resource needed to create an equal playing field. He notes how often you will be sitting around a table where half the people are paid to be there, and half aren\u2019t. \u00d3rlaith reflected that creating spaces for participation takes effort and needs time, money and staffing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">David suggested that at a fundamental level, the question needs to be asked, \u201cWho gets to make decisions?\u201d. For the people participating there is a need for those organising a process to move away from just asking their opinions, to being able to help make those decisions together &#8211; taking decisions out from behind closed doors and into the open.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Challenging existing structures and ideas<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">David, \u00d3rlaith and Kelly all reiterated the importance of valuing and respecting the knowledge and expertise that comes from lived experience, which has been marginalised for too long. Knowledge from lived experience needs to be given equal weight to knowledge gained from research and more traditional learning. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This value needs to be reflected in how you interact with people participating in your process, and how you facilitate a space that communicates that value. This can be as simple as ensuring the language you use can be understood by the people you\u2019re engaging with, and if you\u2019re not confident with this then approach partners who can help.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kelly concludes by saying that honesty, openness and proper resourcing are key for her in doing participation well. While the civil service has done well so far, there is a lot about how we do policy that can be changed. \u00d3rlaith asks that we put more effort and thought into creating spaces for participation and building trust. If we\u2019re to make the best decisions around policy, practice and services, then lived experience really needs to be considered. David\u2019s closing remarks reiterate this &#8211; participation is worth resourcing. It can take time, money, staff and energy, but it\u2019s worth it for better outcomes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Find out more<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow the work of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/povinequalscot\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Poverty and Inequality Commission on Twitter <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and via the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/povertyinequality.scot\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Poverty and Inequality Commission website<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow the work of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TPXimpact\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">TPXimpact on Twitter<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and via the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tpximpact.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">TPXimpact website<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow the work of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PovertyAlliance\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Poverty Alliance on Twitter<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and via the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.povertyalliance.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Poverty Alliance website<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Participation experts Kelly McBride, David Reilly and \u00d3rlaith McAree share their experiences of putting inclusion in participation into practice and reflect on power dynamics and the value of lived experience in decision-making.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":650,"featured_media":1258,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148,149,150],"tags":[48,87,171,170,172,142],"class_list":["post-1257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guest-blog","category-participation-in-action","category-social-justice","tag-community-empowerment","tag-community-engagement","tag-equality","tag-inclusion","tag-lived-experience","tag-participation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - 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